Endocrine Society, July 12-15

The annual meeting of the Endocrine Society (ENDO 2025) was held from July 12 to 15 in San Francisco, attracting more than 7,000 participants, including clinicians, academicians, allied health professionals, and others interested in endocrine and metabolic disorders. The conference highlighted recent advances in the diagnosis and management of obesity, endocrine disorders, diabetes, and growth hormone and thyroid diseases.

In one presentation, Jennifer Wyckoff, M.D., of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, and colleagues presented a guideline recommending that all individuals with diabetes who have the possibility of becoming pregnant be asked a screening question about pregnancy intention at every reproductive, diabetes, and primary care visit, as well as at every urgent care/emergency room visit when clinically appropriate.

The joint guideline was developed by the Endocrine Society and the European Society of Endocrinology on preexisting diabetes and pregnancy. The guideline includes 10 recommendations across preconception planning, advances in diabetes technology, delivery timing, medications, and diet. These recommendations were developed using GRADE methodology.

The authors highlighted the use of contraception when pregnancy is not desired among individuals with diabetes mellitus who have the possibility of becoming pregnant. In addition, the experts suggested discontinuation of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists before conception rather than discontinuation between the start of pregnancy and the end of the first trimester. In pregnant individuals with preexisting diabetes mellitus already taking insulin, the authors suggested against the routine addition of metformin. The authors also provided guidance on diet, medications, and use of continuous glucose monitors and insulin pump systems among patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

“An important point is that all of these recommendations are conditional recommendations, as the data available on which to base recommendations was of low quality, precluding the ability to make strong recommendations. This guideline highlights the importance of implementing preconception counseling and the need for implementation science and health care policy in this area,” Wyckoff said. “The guideline also explores the benefits of and the knowledge gaps in the use of diabetes technology in pregnancy. It also underscores the need for providers with expertise in diabetes and pregnancy. Key knowledge gaps exist in the areas of nutrition in diabetes and pregnancy and timing of labor and delivery.”

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In another study, Emily N. Hilz, Ph.D., of the University of Texas in Austin, and colleagues found that developmental exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can alter brain pathways that regulate food reward and appetite, leading to long-lasting changes in eating behavior and food preferences.