Here are what the editors at HealthDay consider to be the most important developments in Pediatrics for February 2019. This roundup includes the latest research news from journal articles, as well as the FDA approvals and regulatory changes that are the most likely to affect clinical practice.
Teens’ Social Media Use Does Not Predict Later Depression
THURSDAY, Feb. 28, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Social media use does not predict later depressive symptoms among adolescents or college undergraduates, according to a study recently published in Clinical Psychological Science.
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ATS Issues Practice Guideline for Pediatric Home Oxygen Therapy
THURSDAY, Feb. 28, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Recommendations have been developed for home oxygen therapy in children with chronic respiratory conditions; the clinical practice guideline from the American Thoracic Society was published in the Feb. 1 issue of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.
Prenatal Vitamin Intake in Early Pregnancy May Cut Autism Risk
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Maternal prenatal vitamin intake during the first month of pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in siblings of children with ASD, according to a study published online Feb. 27 in JAMA Psychiatry.
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Green Space in Childhood Tied to Better Mental Health Later
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Living around high levels of green space during childhood is associated with a lower risk for a wide spectrum of psychiatric disorders later in life, according to a study published online Feb. 25 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
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Antenatal Corticosteroid Tx Tied to Reduction in Birth Size
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) is associated with reductions in birth size for infants, according to a study published online Feb. 26 in PLOS Medicine.
Rate of Opioid Rx Stable After Pediatric Outpatient Surgery
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 27, 2019 (HealthDay News) — From 2013 to 2017, the rate of receiving a take-home opioid prescription remained stable after pediatric outpatient surgery as did the dose prescribed, but the maximum take-home dose declined, according to a study recently published in Pain Medicine.
Environmental Exposures Before, After Birth Tied to Lung Function
TUESDAY, Feb. 26, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Exposure to several chemicals before and after birth appears to be associated with a decrease in lung function later in childhood, according to a study published in the February issue of The Lancet Planetary Health.
Classroom Initiative Ups Participation in School Breakfast
TUESDAY, Feb. 26, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A breakfast-in-the-classroom initiative increases participation in the federal School Breakfast Program but has an unintended consequence of increasing the incidence and prevalence of obesity, according to a study published online Feb. 25 in JAMA Pediatrics.
Prediction Rule IDs Febrile Infants 0 to 2 Months Old at Low Risk for SBIs
TUESDAY, Feb. 26, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A new prediction rule can accurately identify febrile infants aged ≤60 days at low risk for serious bacterial infections (SBIs) using urinalysis, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and procalcitonin levels, according to a study published online Feb. 18 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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Genetic Variant Tied to Leukemia Risk in Hispanic Children
MONDAY, Feb. 25, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Genetic variations have been identified in the ERG gene that are associated with an increased risk for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Hispanic children, according to a study recently published in Blood.
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Nonmedical Rx Opioid Use in Teens Linked to Parental Use
MONDAY, Feb. 25, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Nonmedical prescription opioid (NMPO) use in adolescents is associated with parental NMPO use and with smoking and parent-adolescent conflict, according to a study published online Feb. 25 in Pediatrics.
2014 to 2017 Saw Improvement in Burnout for U.S. Physicians
MONDAY, Feb. 25, 2019 (HealthDay News) — From 2014 to 2017, there was an improvement in burnout and satisfaction with work-life integration among U.S. physicians, according to a study published online Feb. 22 in the Mayo Clinic Proceedings.
National Health Spending Set to Increase 5.5 Percent Annually
FRIDAY, Feb. 22, 2019 (HealthDay News) — National health spending is projected to increase at an annual rate of 5.5. percent from 2018 to 2027, with fundamental economic and demographic factors the main drivers, according to a report published online Feb. 20 in Health Affairs.
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Most Patients Do Not Disclose Complementary Medicine Use
FRIDAY, Feb. 22, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Just one-third of users of biologically based complementary medicine (CM) disclose their use to traditional health care providers, according to a review published online Feb. 7 in Scientific Reports.
8 More U.S. Communities to Be Assessed for PFAS Toxin Exposure
THURSDAY, Feb. 21, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Eight additional communities near current or former U.S. military installations that will be included in assessments of human exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were announced Thursday by federal officials.
FDA Advances Regulation to Ensure Sunscreen Safety, Efficacy
THURSDAY, Feb. 21, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. Food and Drug Administration took steps Thursday to tighten regulation of over-the-counter sunscreen products.
More Information: FDA
More Information: EWG
2005 to 2015 Saw Drop in Primary Care Physician Supply
THURSDAY, Feb. 21, 2019 (HealthDay News) — From 2005 to 2015, there was a decrease in primary care physician supply per capita in the United States, with increased supply associated with lower mortality, according to a study published online Feb. 18 in JAMA Internal Medicine.
Vertical Integration Has Little Impact on Quality Measures
THURSDAY, Feb. 21, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Vertical integration between hospitals and physicians has little impact on quality measures, while increased hospital market concentration is strongly associated with reduced quality in measures of patient satisfaction, according to a study published online Feb. 9 in Medical Care Research and Review.
New Kaiser Permanente Medical School Plans to Waive Tuition
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 20, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A new medical school to be opened by California-based health system Kaiser Permanente will waive tuition for all students in its first five graduating classes.
The New York Times Article
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FDA Head Says Feds May Intervene to Cut Vaccine Exemptions
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 20, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The U.S. government may have to take steps to reduce vaccine exemptions for children if states do not do it, the head of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration suggested. His comments come as measles outbreaks rage in a number of states. Those outbreaks could have been prevented if children had all been vaccinated. But nearly all states allow children to attend school even if their parents opt out of inoculation programs, CNN reported.
1997 to 2014 Saw Large Hike in Screen Time for Ages 0 to 2
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 20, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Between 1997 and 2014, screen time more than doubled for children aged 0 to 2 years, with television time accounting for most screen time, according to a research letter published online Feb. 18 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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Prenatal Fluconazole Exposure Increases Neonatal Risks
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 20, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Maternal exposure to fluconazole during pregnancy may increase the risk for spontaneous abortion, according to a study published online Feb. 19 in CMAJ, the journal of the Canadian Medical Association.
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CDC: Salmonella Cases Tied to Raw Turkey Products Now at 279
TUESDAY, Feb. 19, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Sixty-three more cases of illness in a Salmonella outbreak linked to raw turkey products have been reported since Dec. 21, 2018, bringing the total number to 279, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says in an update.
Lower Self-Perception Observed in Children With Amblyopia
TUESDAY, Feb. 19, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Children with amblyopia have significantly lower mean peer acceptance and physical competence scores at age 3 to 7 years, according to a study published online Feb. 14 in JAMA Ophthalmology.
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FDA Approves First Customizable Insulin Pump
FRIDAY, Feb. 15, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The Tandem Diabetes Care t:Slim X2 insulin pump, which allows a patient to customize treatment, has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
Hospital Prices Growing Faster Than Physician Prices
FRIDAY, Feb. 15, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Growth in hospital prices and payments outpaced growth in physician prices and payments from 2007 through 2014, according to a report published in the February issue of Health Affairs.
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Brief Anesthesia in Infancy Does Not Mar Neurodevelopment
FRIDAY, Feb. 15, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 5 years of age are equivalent after brief general anesthesia or awake-regional anesthesia in infancy, according to a study published in the Feb. 16 issue of The Lancet.
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CDC: Severity of Influenza Season Low Through Feb. 2, 2019
THURSDAY, Feb. 14, 2019 (HealthDay News) — The 2018 to 2019 influenza season has been low in severity so far, and overall vaccine effectiveness is about 47 percent, according to two reports published in the Feb. 15 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Abstract/Full Text – Blanton
Abstract/Full Text – Doyle
High Rates of MenB Vaccination Advised in University Outbreaks
THURSDAY, Feb. 14, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Achieving high serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccination coverage is recommended following university-based outbreaks of meningococcal disease caused by serogroup B, according to a study published online Feb. 13 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infectious Diseases.
Child Enterovirus Infection May Up Risk for Developing Celiac Disease
THURSDAY, Feb. 14, 2019 (HealthDay News) — A higher frequency of enterovirus infections in early childhood is associated with an increased risk for developing celiac disease, according to a study published online Feb. 13 in the The BMJ.
Human Milk Microbiota Shaped by Maternal Factors, Feeding Method
THURSDAY, Feb. 14, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Compared with direct breastfeeding, indirect breastfeeding with pumped milk is associated with the depletion of oral bacteria and a higher abundance of potential pathogens, according to a study published in the Feb. 13 issue of Cell Host & Microbe.
Subsymptom Threshold Exercise Speeds Concussion Recovery
THURSDAY, Feb. 14, 2019 (HealthDay News) — For adolescent athletes, subsymptom threshold aerobic exercise prescribed during the first week after sport-related concussion (SRC) speeds recovery, according to a study published online Feb. 4 in JAMA Pediatrics.
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Obesity Linked to Adverse Events in Children With Leukemia
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 13, 2019 (HealthDay News) — For children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), obesity is associated with an increased risk for adverse events during premaintenance chemotherapy, according to a study published in the February issue of Pediatric Blood & Cancer.
Progress Made in Developing New Antibacterial Agents
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 13, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Although there has been progress in the development of new antibacterial drugs, most of the recently approved agents have been modifications of existing chemical classes of antibiotics, according to research published online Feb. 1 in Clinical Infectious Diseases.
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Lower Birth Weight May Up Risk for Psychiatric Disorders
WEDNESDAY, Feb. 13, 2019 (HealthDay News) — After adjustment for family-related factors and gestational age, lower birth weight is associated with a small but significant increased risk for several psychiatric disorders, according to a study published online Feb. 6 in JAMA Psychiatry.
CDC: Student Tobacco Use Increased From 2017 to 2018
TUESDAY, Feb. 12, 2019 (HealthDay News) — From 2017 to 2018, there was an increase in any tobacco use, especially electronic cigarette use, for high school and middle school students, according to research published online Feb. 11 in the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
Health Care Spending Per Person Increased to $5,641 in 2017
TUESDAY, Feb. 12, 2019 (HealthDay News) — In 2017, health care spending per person reached $5,641, according to the Health Care Cost Institute (HCCI) annual Health Care Cost and Utilization Report.
Health Care Cost and Utilization Report
Many Systematic Reviews Do Not Fully Report Adverse Events
TUESDAY, Feb. 12, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Many systematic review protocols in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) do not include adverse event reporting, according to a study published in the April issue of the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology.
Acne Relapses Linked to Lower Quality of Life, Productivity
TUESDAY, Feb. 12, 2019 (HealthDay News) — Acne relapses are significantly associated with impaired quality of life as well as productivity loss and absenteeism, according to a study recently published in the Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.
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CDC: Screening Policies for Critical Congenital Heart Dz Widespread
Global Prevalence of Eczema Estimated for Children, Teens 
Immunization Schedule for Children, Teens Updated for 2023 
Most Children Exposed to Makeup, Body Products for Play 
Surge in Severe Strep Cases in Children Was Really a Return to Normal: CDC 
2013 to 2022 Saw Increase in Group A Streptococcal Infections 
Rhinoviruses, Enteroviruses Persisted During Pandemic Among Pediatric Patients 
Genetic, Environmental Prenatal Risk Factors Play Role in Early Atopic Dermatitis 
Measles Outbreak in Ohio Declared Over After 85 Cases 
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